Policy

Policy Statement

All manuscripts submitted to Jurnal Pertahanan dan Bela Negara are screened for plagiarism using similarity detection software (such as Turnitin) prior to peer review to ensure compliance with international standards of academic integrity.

The journal enforces a strict policy against plagiarism, self-plagiarism, data fabrication, data falsification, and improper attribution. Authors are expected to ensure proper citation, thorough paraphrasing, and complete originality before submitting their work. Any manuscript containing unacknowledged copied text, data, or ideas will be declined or subjected to editorial sanctions.

1. Similarity Index & Editorial Actions

Jurnal Pertahanan dan Bela Negara evaluates plagiarism based on the similarity index detected by screening tools alongside a contextual assessment by the editorial team.

• Similarity Index Above 40% (Severe Overlap):

  • Classification: Severe similarity and excessive textual overlap with published works.

  • Action: The manuscript will be rejected outright with no option for resubmission.

• Similarity Index Between 21% – 39% (Intermediate Overlap):

  • Classification: Moderate similarity, uncredited text recycling, or inadequate paraphrasing.

  • Action: The manuscript will be returned to the authors for comprehensive revision. Authors must properly rewrite, paraphrase, and cite all flagged sections before the manuscript can be reconsidered for peer review.

• Similarity Index Equal to or Less Than 20% (Acceptable Standard):

  • Classification: Standard acceptable similarity compliant with journal guidelines.

  • Action: The manuscript may proceed to peer review or acceptance, although the journal may still request minor citation or paraphrasing improvements before final approval

     

    2. Severity Levels & Misconduct Sanctions

    Based on the nature and severity of the ethical violation, the journal applies the following sanctions:

    • Minor Plagiarism: Involves copying short sections of text without proper citation, without compromising core data or original ideas.

      • Action: Authors are issued a formal warning and required to revise the flagged text and add correct citations.

    • Intermediate Plagiarism: Involves uncredited use of substantial portions of text, data, or structured arguments from another source.

      • Action: The manuscript is rejected, and the authors may be prohibited from submitting new manuscripts to the journal for a period of one (1) year.

    • Severe Plagiarism: Involves unauthorized reproduction of core research results, significant theoretical concepts, data fabrication, or deliberate self-plagiarism.

      • Action: The manuscript is rejected immediately, and the authors will be banned from submitting future manuscripts to Jurnal Pertahanan dan Bela Negara for a period of five (5) years. The journal also reserves the right to notify the authors' affiliated institutions.

    Similarity Index & Editorial Actions