Generative AI & AI-Assisted Technologies Policy

Policy Overview

In accordance with the position statements of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), Jurnal Pertahanan dan Bela Negara has established explicit guidelines regarding the use of Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools, Large Language Models (LLMs), and AI-assisted technologies in manuscript preparation, peer review, and editorial workflows.

1. AI and Authorship Eligibility

• AI Cannot Be an Author: Generative AI tools, LLMs (e.g., ChatGPT, Claude, Gemini), or software algorithms CANNOT be credited as authors or co-authors on any manuscript.
• Rationale & Accountability: Authorship requires legal responsibility, the ability to consent to copyright agreements, management of conflicts of interest, and full accountability for the accuracy, integrity, and originality of the work. AI systems cannot fulfill these legal and ethical duties.

2. Authors' Responsibilities and Disclosure

Authors who use Generative AI or AI-assisted tools during manuscript development must adhere to the following requirements:

• Permissible Use: AI tools may only be used to improve readability, language editing, proofreading, or organizing research notes. They must not be used to generate core scientific data, falsify results, or synthesize unverified factual claims.
• Mandatory AI Disclosure Statement: If AI tools were used in writing, translating, formatting, or data processing, authors must explicitly declare this usage in an AI Disclosure Statement positioned before the Reference section.
• Declaration Content: The disclosure must specify the tool name, version, provider, and the exact purpose for which it was utilized.
• Author Verification: Authors remain fully responsible and accountable for all content in their manuscript, including verifying the accuracy of any AI-generated text, references, or citations.

3. Prohibition of AI in Peer Review

• Confidentiality Protection: Peer reviewers are strictly prohibited from uploading submitted manuscripts, supplementary datasets, or review materials into external Generative AI tools or online LLM portals.
• Rationale: Uploading unpublished manuscripts to commercial AI platforms violates author confidentiality, intellectual property rights, and data privacy agreements.
• Reviewer Integrity: Peer review reports must reflect the reviewer’s independent critical thinking, professional expertise, and direct scholarly evaluation. AI-generated review reports are strictly unacceptable.

4. Editorial Process and Misconduct Handling

The editorial team reserves the right to screen submitted manuscripts for AI-generated text or