Analisis Kegagalan Organization For Prohibited Of Chemical Weapon (Opcw) Sebagai Organisasi Perlucutan Senjata Pada Konflik Suriah

Denik Iswardani Witarti(1*), Anggun Puspitasari(2),

(1) LPPM-Universitas Pertahanan Indonesia
(2) LPPM-Universitas Pertahanan Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Abstrak – Tulisan ini menganalisis tentang kegagalan Organization for Prohibited of Chemical Weapon (OPCW) dalam menangani upaya perlucutan senjata kimia di Suriah. Penggunaan senjata kimia oleh pemerintah Suriah terhadap warga negaranya sendiri menjadi tantangan OPCW dalam menjalankan perannya untuk melarang penggunaan dan pengembangan senjata kimia di seluruh dunia. OPCW sendiri yang terbentuk pada tahun 1997 merupakan implementasi dari Chemical Weapon Convention (CWC) 1993. Permasalahan utama dari kajian ini yaitu faktor-faktor kegagalan OPCW dalam upaya pelarangan penggunaan dan pengembangan senjata kimia pada konflik Suriah. Hasil kajian menunjukkan upaya pelucutan senjata kimia di Suriah oleh OPCW dilakukan dengan mengirim dan menghancurkan senjata kimia milik pemerintahmengalami kegagalan. Meski OPCW telah mengklaim Suriah sudah terbebas dari senjata kimia namun ternyata masih ditemui penggunaan senjata kimia oleh kelompok terroris ISIS dan kelompok oposisi yang tidak diakui pemerintah. Kesimpulannya, peran OPCW menurut konsep perlucutan senjata dan organisasi inernasional masih belum sepenuhnya berhasil. OPCW hanya mampu mendeteksi penggunaan senjata kimia yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah Suriah. Organisasi ini tidak memiliki kewenangan dalam menangangi masalah penggunaan senjata kimia yang dilakukan oleh aktor non-state.

Kata Kunci : senjata kimia, konflik Suriah, OPCW, pelucutan senjata

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33172/jpbh.v8i1.268

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