INDONESIAN DIASPORA EMPOWERMENT: A CONCEPT IN STRENGTHENING DIPLOMACY FOR NATIONAL DEFENSE
(1) Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
The existence of the Indonesian Diaspora abroad cannot be separated from the development of the global environment. The global constellation dynamically moves ahead with the complexity of inter-correlation and inter-implication multi-dimensional of the state, with non-military, military, and hybrid potential threats. The rapid progress of transportation and information technology, and cyber technology well as has become escalating turbulence over global dynamics. This context is an urgency for Indonesia to utilize Indonesian Diaspora for national interests and national defense. This paper aims to analyze the empowerment of Indonesian Diaspora in strengthening diplomacy for national defense. The author uses a qualitative approach by raising the theory of empowerment and diplomacy elaborated with the rights and obligations of defending the country upon the Indonesian Diaspora. Various data and information from literature and other open sources are used in this paper. Some of the emerging phenomena related to the Indonesian Diaspora are contested with the development of public diplomacy practices correlated with challenges and threats in the approach of national security and defense. The conclusion portrays the importance of continuing the empowerment of the Indonesian Diaspora in strengthening efforts to fight for and protect national interests, including national defense.
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Armenia, R. (2017). Pemerintah segera terbitkan kartu Diaspora Indonesia.
Bolewski, W. (2007). Diplomacy and international law in globalized relations. Berli: Springer.
Bunga, G. A. (2019). Lesson from Somalia: A special model of handling piracy jure gentium and armed robbery at sea. Veritas et Justitia, 5(2), 302–328. https://doi.org/10.25123/vej.3231
Buzan, B. (2009). People, states and fear: An agenda for international security studies in the post-cold war era (Reprinted). Colchester, UK: ECPR Press.
Cleary, L. R., & McConville, T. (2006). Commonalities and constraints in defence governance and management. In L. R. Cleary & T. McConville (Eds.), Managing Defence in a Democracy (1st ed., pp. 3–16). New York: Routledge.
Cleveland, M., Erdoğan, S., Arıkan, G., & Poyraz, T. (2011). Cosmopolitanism, individual-level values adn cultural-level values: A cross-cultural study. Journal of Business Research, 64(9), 934–943. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2010.11.015
Codreanu, A. (2016). A VUCA action framework for a VUCA environment: Leadership challenges and solutions. Journal of Defense Resources Management (JoDRM), 7(2), 31–38.
Estuningtyas, R. D. (2018). Dampak globalisasi pada politik, ekonomi, cara berfikir dan ideologi serta tantangan dakwahnya. AL-MUNZIR, 11(2), 195–218. https://doi.org/10.31332/am.v11i2.1118
IDN. (2019). IDN Indonesian Diaspora.
Istikharoh, A., Putranti, I. R., & Pattipeilohy, S. C. (2017). Diplomasi Indonesia dalam pembebasan sandera di luar negeri: Studi kasus diplomasi total dalam pembebasan WNI sandera Abu Sayyaf pada Maret-April 2016. Journal of International Relations, 3(3), 1–8.
Jazuli, A. (2017). Diaspora Indonesia dan dwi kewarganegaraan dalam perspektif Undang-Undang kewarganegaraan Republik Indonesia. JIKH, 11(1), 97–108.
Jeon, H. J., Meiseberg, B., Dant, R. P., & Grünhagen, M. (2016). Cultural convergence in emerging markets: The case of McDonald’s in China and India. Journal of Small Business Management, 54(2), 72–749. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsbm.12168
Kelley, J. R. (2009). Between “take-offs†and “crash landingsâ€: Situational aspects of public diplomacy. In N. Snow & P. M. Taylor (Eds.), Routledge Handbook of Public Diplomacy (First, pp. 72–85). New York: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group.
Kementerian Pertahanan RI. (2014). Strategi pertahanan negara (2nd ed.). Jakarta: Kementerian Pertahanan.
Kementerian Pertahanan RI. (2015a). Buku putih pertahanan (3rd ed.). Jakarta: Kementerian Pertahanan.
Kementerian Pertahanan RI. (2015b). Doktrin pertahanan negara (3rd ed.). Jakarta: Kementerian Pertahanan.
Latifa, I. (2019). Neoliberalism and reconfiguration of the diaspora in contemporary Indonesia. Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya, 9(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.17510/paradigma.v9i1.267
Marshall, T. H. (1950). Citizenship and social class. New York: The Syndics of the Cambridge University Press.
McDonald, J. W. (2012). The Institute for multi-track diplomacy. Journal of Conflictology, 3(2), 66–70. https://doi.org/10.7238/joc.v3i2.1629
Minurdin, S. (2018). Kiprah Komando Pasukan Sandhi Yudha dalam operasi militer di Indonesia tahun 1971-1985. Jurnal Sejarah Dan Pendidikan Sejarah, 7(2). https://doi.org/10.17509/factum.v7i2.15609
MPR RI. Undang-Undang Dasar 1945 (1945). Jakarta: MPR RI.
Naryatie, N. K. (2016). Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Indonesia di luar negeri.
Nye, J. S. (2004). Soft power: The means to success in world politics. New York: Public Affairs.
Payne, J. G. (2009). Reflections on public diplomacy: People-to-people communication. American Behavioral Scientist, 53(4), 579–606. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764209347632
Pratkanis, A. (2009). Public diplomacy in international conflicts: A social influence analysis. In N. Snow & P. M. Taylor (Eds.), Routledge Handbook of Public Diplomacy (First, pp. 111–153). New York: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group.
Prijono, O. S., & Pranaka, A. (1996). Pemberdayaan: Konsep, kebijakan dan implementasi. Jakarta: CSIS.
Risman, H., Widodo, P., & Sumertha, G. K. (2018). Kebijakan strategis pemberdayaan diaspora Indonesia untuk pertahanan negara. Jurnal Prodi Strategi Perang Semesta, 4(2), 37–58.
Romdiati, H. (2015). Globalisasi migrasi dan peran diaspora: Suatu kajian pustaka. Jurnal Kependudukan Indonesia, 10(2), 89–100.
Santoso, I. (2014). Diaspora: Globalisasi, keamanan dan keimigrasian (1st ed.). Bandung: Pustaka Reka Cipta.
Smith, A. D. (2010). Diasporas and homelands in history: The case of the classic diasporas. In A. Gal, A. S. Leoussi, & A. D. Smith (Eds.), The Call of the Homeland (Vol. 9, pp. 3–26). Leiden-Boston: BRILL. https://doi.org/10.1163/ej.9789004182103.i-402.7
Swistek, G. (2012). The Nexus between public diplomacy and military diplomacy in foreign affairs and defense policy. The Quarterly Journal, XI(2), 79–86.
Tang, S. (2009). The security dilemma: A conceptual analysis. Security Studies, 18(3), 587–623. https://doi.org/10.1080/09636410903133050
Taylor, T. (2006). The functions of a defence ministry. In L. R. Cleary & T. McConville (Eds.), Managing Defence in A Democracy (1st ed., pp. 92–106). New York: Routledge.
Tippe, S. (2016). Ilmu pertahanan: Sejarah, konsep dan implementasi. Jakarta: Salemba Empat.
Wedhaswary, I. D. (2014). “Nawa Citaâ€, 9 agenda prioritas Jokowi-JK.
Wibowo, A. S. (2015). Managing Indonesian diaspora: A preliminary study. Andalas Journal of International Studies (AJIS), 2(1), 14–30.
Widodo, Y. (2017). Media diaspora pelajar Indonesia: Eksistensi, peran, dan spirit keindonesiaan. Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi, 14(1), 93–109. https://doi.org/10.24002/jik.v14i1.974
DOI: https://doi.org/10.33172/jp.v6i1.731
INDEXED BY:
Office Address:
Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat
Republic of Indonesia Defense University
Jl. Salemba Raya No.14, Paseban,Jakarta Pusat, Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta 10440, Indonesia
Email: jurnal.unhan@idu.ac.id
Jurnal Pertahanan: Media Informasi tentang Kajian dan Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity, Nasionalism dan Integrity is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.