COVID-19, SECURITIZATION, AND TERRORISM: NATIONAL SECURITY CHANGE MANAGEMENT DILEMMA
(1) Universitas Pertahanan
(2) Universitas Pertahanan
(3) Universitas Pertahanan
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
The Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic is spreading globally, including in Indonesia, with a significant impact not only in limited a sphere of the threat to public health. The Covid-19 pandemic shaped social phenomenon followed by the changes in the social order of life into the securitization process with multi-dimensional impacts. Due to restrictions extensively, society's liability realities become an opening fissure for terrorist groups to persist in their actions. This rational context raises awareness for the State as State-actor in the security realm to generate security for its people. This paper aims to analyze how the expansion of the Covid-19 outbreak with multi-dimensional impacts in the securitization approach, counting terrorism expansion, and how the State dealing with as a State-actor. Using a qualitative approach, the authors expound on national security and change management theory, illustrating how the Government is a state-actor within its strategy. In responding to the emerging constellation, there are various dynamic challenges for the Government, within its central powers and regional authorities, toward change management dilemmas in the context of national security. At the end of the discussion, it portrays the urgency of responding to the strategic changes in the framework of change management under the top leader's forceful strategic leaderships in integrating all components of the nation.
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Abuza, Z., & Satria, A. (2020). How are Indonesia's Terrorist Groups weathering the pandemic? The Diplomat. https://thediplomat.com/2020/06/how-are-indonesias-terrorist-groups-weathering-the-pandemic/
Ackerman, G., & Peterson, H. (2020). Terrorism and COVID-19: Actual and potential impacts. Perspective on Terrorism, 14(3), 59–73.
Aljohani, M. R. (2016). Change management. International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 5(5), 319–323.
Anderson, D., & Anderson, L. A. (2001). Beyond change management: Advanced strategies for today's transformational leaders (W. J. Rothwell, R. Sullivan, & K. Quade (eds.)). JosseyBass/Pfeiffer.
Arianti, V., & Muh Taufiqurrohman. (2020). The impact of Covid-19 on terrorist financing in Indonesia. The Diplomat. https://thediplomat.com/2020/11/the-impact-of-covid-19-on-terrorist-financing-in-indonesia/
Atam, Widodo, P., & Risman, H. (2020). Coronavirus Disease-19 (Covid-19) pandemic response through the universal defense: The role of intelligence. Technium Social Sciences Journal, 8(1), 606–616. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v8i1.839
Beech, H. (2020). U.S. warships enter disputed waters of South China Sea as tensions with China escalate. Nytimes.Com. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/21/world/asia/coronavirus-south-china-sea-warships.html
Borum, R. (2004). Psychology of terrorism. Tampa: University of South Florida.
Borum, R. (2011). Radicalization into violent extremism I: A review of social science theories. Journal of Strategic Security, 4(4), 7–36.
Buzan, B. (1983). People, states, and fear: The national security problem in international relations (2nd ed.). Wheatshef Books Ltd.
Coleman, J. (2020). The impact of coronavirus on terrorism in the Sahel. International Centre for Counter-Terrorism - The Hague. The Impact of Coronavirus on Terrorism in the Sahel
Covid-19.go.id. (2020). Peta sebaran. https://covid19.go.id/peta-sebaran
CTED UN. (2020). The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on terrorism, counter-terrorism and countering violent extrimism.
Deibel, T. L. (2007). Foreign affairs strategy: Logic for American statecraft (First). Cambridge University Press.
Detik.com. (2020). Kapan sebenarnya corona pertama kali masuk RI? https://news.detik.com/berita/d-4991485/kapan-sebenarnya-corona-pertama-kali-masuk-ri
Hasan Hama, H. (2017). State security, societal security, and human security. Jadavpur Journal of International Relations, 21(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1177/0973598417706591
Hermawan, B. (2020). Kepala BNPB: Kita harus bersatu tangani virus corona. Republica.Co.Id. https://www.republika.co.id/berita/q7e8vh354/kepala-bnpb-kita-harus-bersatu-tangani-virus-corona
Heymann, D. (2003). The evolving infectious disease threat: Implications for national and global security. Journal of Human Development, 4(2), 191–207.
Hülsmann, M. (2004). Strategic management dilemma: Its necessity in a world of diversity and change. The SAM/IFSAM VIIth World Congress on Management in A World of Diversity and Change, 1–18.
Ihsanuddin. (2020). Fakta lengkap kasus pertama virus corona di Indonesia. Kompas.Com. https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2020/03/03/06314981/fakta-lengkap-kasus-pertama-virus-corona-di-indonesia
Kemenkes RI. (2020). Lima protokol penanganan jadi pedoman utama cegah dan kendalikan COVID-19. https://covid19.kemkes.go.id/situasi-infeksi-emerging/info-corona-virus/lima-protokol-penanganan-jadi-pedoman-utama-cegah-dan-kendalikan-covid-19/#.XuCBtUUzbb0
Oktaviano, D., Mahroza, J., & Risman, H. (2020). Indonesia defense strategy towards Indo-Pacific (Case Study: The ASEAN outlook on the Indo-Pacific). International Affairs and Global Strategy, 80, 21–29.
Paleri, P. (2010). National security: Imperatives and challenges. Tata McGraw-Hill.
Puspa Sari, H. (2020). BNPT: Jaringan teroris aktif rekrut anggota baru selama pandemi Covid-19. Kompas.Com. https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2020/06/23/14433871/bnpt-jaringan-teroris-aktif-rekrut-anggota-baru-selama-pandemi-covid-19
Revino, C., & Jalagat, J. (2016). The impact of change and change management in achieving corporate goals and objectives: Organizational perspective. International Journal of Science and Research, 5(11), 1233–1239.
Riley, J. W. (2008). How realistic is realism? E-International Relations. https://www.e-ir.info/2008/03/02/how-realistic-is-realism/
Silke, A. (2020). COVID-19 and terrorism: Assessing the short-and long-term impacts.
Sørensen, G. (1996). Individual security and national security: The state remains the principal problem. Security Dialogue, 27(4), 371–386.
The Economist. (2020). Goodbye globaisation. The Economist 7.
Tippe, S. (2016). Ilmu pertahanan: Sejarah, konsep dan implementasi. Salemba Empat.
Wubowo, A. (2020). Doni Monardo bersama Ketua MPR, mengajak masyarakat gotong royong dan bersatu melawan Covid-19. Bnpb.Go.Id. https://bnpb.go.id/berita/doni-monardo-bersama-ketua-mpr-mengajak-masyarakat-gotong-royong-dan-bersatu-melawan-covid19
Yaqun Yi, Meng Gu, & Zelong Wei. (2017). Bottom-up learning, strategic flexibility and strategic change. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 30(2), 161–183. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOCM-12-2015-0241
DOI: https://doi.org/10.33172/jp.v6i3.1032
INDEXED BY:
Office Address:
Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat
Republic of Indonesia Defense University
Jl. Salemba Raya No.14, Paseban,Jakarta Pusat, Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta 10440, Indonesia
Email: jurnal.unhan@idu.ac.id
Jurnal Pertahanan: Media Informasi tentang Kajian dan Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity, Nasionalism dan Integrity is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.