Stability Analysis of Mathematical Models of Corrupt Behavior with Death Penalty Sanction

Adityan Wisnu Yuda Prasetya(1*), Muhammad Iman Hidayat(2),

(1) Direktorat Keuangan Angkatan Darat
(2) Politeknik Angkatan Darat
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Indonesia is one of the countries with a fairly good economy. Indonesia's foreign exchange reserves reached US$146.383,75 million (Badan Pusat Statistik, 2024). This amount should help improve the welfare of its people. However, the facts that corruption harms the state budget so that people's welfare cannot be fulfilled. As of 2023, Indonesia has lost at least Rp28.412.786.978.089 in 791 cases involving 1.695 suspects (Indonesia Corruption Watch, 2024). The actions of these corruptors do not provide a significant deterrent effect even though the prison sentence has been served. For this reason, it is necessary to impose the death penalty which is expected to prevent corruption crimes from occurring in Indonesia. In the mathematical model of corruption proposed by Ahmed, Kamal, & Hossain (2025), there are 3 populations: S, C and H. In this study, the stability analysis of the mathematical model was carried out with the modification of the imposition of the death penalty for the C population. The goal is none other than to minimize and eliminate the corrupt population in Indonesia. The results showed that there were 2 critical point conditions: (S1, C1, H1) and (S*, C*, H*). This condition interprets that with the death penalty, the population of C and H will be doesn’t exist. However, if the population of C and H still exists, it needs to be re-optimized so that it does not increase.

Keywords


Mathematic Modelling, Corruption Dynamic, Death Penalty Sanction, Defense Management

References


Ahmed, M., Kamal, M., & Hossain, M. (2025). A Mathematical Model of Corruption Dynamics and Optimal Control. ScienceDirect, 1 - 11. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fraope.2025.100216

Amnesty International. (2023). Laporan Global Amnesty International Hukuman Mati dan Eksekusi 2023. Amnesty International. Retrieved from amnesty.org/amnesty.id

Aprilia, R., & Panjaitan, D. J. (2022). Pemodelan Matematika. Medan: LPPM Unmaw.

Australian Government. (2023). DFAT Country Information Report Indonesia. Australia: Australian Government Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade.

Badan Pusat Statistik. (2024, February 19). Posisi Cadangan Devisa (Juta US$), 2023. Retrieved from Badan Pusat Statistik: https://www.bps.go.id/id/statistics-table/2/MTA5MSMy/posisi-cadangan-devisa.html

Cahyani, G. T., Sholehah, S. B., Salsabillah, D. N., Ramadhana, M. A., Pratama, R. A., & Antoni, H. (2023). Analisis Hukuman Mati di Indonesia dalam Perpektif Hak Asasi Manusia dan Alternatif Penegakan Hukum. Al-Qisth Law Review, 7(1), 167 - 184.

Corruption Perceptions Index. (2024). Corruption Perceptions Index 2023. Retrieved from http://www.transparency.org/cpi

Indonesia Corruption Watch. (2024). Laporan Hasil Pemantauan Tren Korupsi Tahun 2023. Jakarta Selatan: Indonesia Corruption Watch.

Kemenkumham. (2019). Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 19 Tahun 2019 Tentang Perubahan Kedua Atas Undang-Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2002 Tentang Komisi Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi. Jakarta.

Kementerian Sekretaris Negara. (2023). Undang - Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 1 Thaun 2023 tentang Kitab Undang - Undang Hukum Pidana. Jakarta.

Munasto, D. (2022). Kebijakan Hukuman Mati Bagi Pelaku Tindak Pidana Korupsi Dikaji dalam Perpektif Sosiologi Hukum. Widya Pranata Hukum, 4(1), 24 - 38.

Nagy, G. (2015). Ordinary Differential Equations. Michigan: Michigan State University.

Nicola, A., & Rohman, Z. (2023). Evaluasi Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi 2019 - 2023. Transparency International Indonesia.

Syauket, A., & Wijanarko, D. S. (2024). Buku Ajar Tindak Pidana Korupsi. Malang: PT Literasi Nusantara Abadi Group.

Ubaidillah, F. (2020). Persamaan Differensial Biasa. Jember: UPT Percetakan & Penerbitan Universitas Jember.

Widayati, T., Chatra, M., Daengs, A., Nugroho, Rahayu, S., Boari, Y., . . . Suryahani, I. (2023). Perekonomian Indonesia (Perkembangan & Transformasi Perekonomian Indonesia Abad 21 Terkini). Jambi: PT Sonpedia Publishing Indonesia.

Widyawati, D. A. (2016). Solusi Sistem Persamaan Diferensial Linear Tak Homogen Dengan Metode Matriks Eksponensial. 18 - 25.

World Bank Group. (2023). GDP per capita (current US$) - Indonesia. Retrieved from World Bank Group Data: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.CD?end=2023& locations=ID&start=2013

Yani, M. A. (2022). Corruption Crimes in Indonesia in Criminology Review. Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal), 26622 - 26632.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.33172/jp.v11i1.19868

INDEXED BY:
Journal Terindex di Garuda

Office Address:
Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat
Republic of Indonesia Defense University
Jl. Salemba Raya No.14, Paseban,Jakarta Pusat, Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta 10440, Indonesia
Email: jurnal.unhan@idu.ac.id

Lisensi Creative Commons
Jurnal Pertahanan: Media Informasi tentang Kajian dan Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity, Nasionalism dan Integrity is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.